Variability, heritability, correlation and path analysis in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

The genetic analysis of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was carried out twenty five germplasm lines under irrigated normal soil condition to determine mode of inheritance of yield and its contributing traits. The experiment was conducted to evaluate in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replication at Nidhariya Agriculture Farm, S.M.M. Town P.G. College, Ballia, U.P. The data was recorded on thirteen characters viz, days to 50% heading, number of productive tillers per plant, plant height(cm), flag leaf area (cm²), peduncle length (cm), spike length (cm), days to maturity, number of grains per spike, biological yield (g), test weight(g), harvest index (%), grain yield per plant and protein content (%). The result of analysis of variance (ANOVA) of present investigation reveals that, the highly significant variation among genotypes for all the 12 characters. On the basis of mean data observation HTWYT-31, HTWYT-26, SAWYT-316, HTWYT-31, New CB-31, SAWYT338, SAWYT-339, SAWYT- 333, SAWYT-334, SAWYT-339 and Black wheat are the superior for most of the character. High PCV and GCV were observed for biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant. Moderate PCV and GCV observed for number of days to maturity, number of tillers per plant, flag leaf area, number of grains per spike, protein content. High heritability was observed for all the traits except number of tillers per plant. High heritability coupled with moderate genetic advance was exhibited by flag leaf area, harvest-index, test weight and biological yield.Plant height, tillers per plant, biological yield and protein content showed positive and significant correlation with grain yield per plant.